Islamic Understanding in the Digital Age among University Student Associations

A Social Network Perspective

Authors

  • M. Khalilullah UIN Suska Riau
  • Rian Vebrianto UIN Suska Riau https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2958-6821
  • Mahyudin Syukri Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, UIN Sulthan Syarif Kasim Riau
  • Iqbal Miftakhul Mujtahid Universitas Terbuka
  • Dilva Hardila Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, UIN Sulthan Syarif Kasim Riau

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18326/millati.v8i2.543

Keywords:

mapping, moderation, digital age, university students

Abstract

The development of technology in the 4.0 era changes the order of human thought and performance to be faster, more efficient, and more effective in different sectors of life, one of which is in finding information. Today's students are very closely related to the development of technology, especially social media. Social media has become close and important to search for one's self-identity and information. As a matter of fact, social media can be both positive and negative, including in building students' religious understanding. Thus, researchers were interested in mapping out religious sources and information. This is important to understand the flow of the development trend of radicalism and extremism among students, especially in West Sumatra and Riau. This study used a mix-method approach by using a survey method related to religious sources and information starting from where the sources are taken, what media are frequently used, how often and routinely these activities are, and how they prevent faulty understanding. The data collection techniques used in this study were document analysis, observations, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. This study is expected to result in a journal indexed in Scopus (international), Intellectual Property Right, Recommendation, and Research Report. This study will positively implicate the evaluation of university students' understanding of practicing religious moderation.

References

Abolfotouh, M. A., Almutairi, A. F., Banimustafa, A. A., Hagras, S. A., & Al Jeraisy, M. (2021). Behavior responses and attitude of the public to COVID-19 pandemic during movement restrictions in Saudi Arabia. International journal of general medicine, 14, 741.

Adiwilaga, R., & Harija, S. D. (2018). Strategi Pemerintah Daerah Terkait Pencegahan Isu Radikalisme Kanan Di Kabupaten Garut. Journal of Governance, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.31506/jog.v3i2.3104

Aldina Eka Andriani dan Sri Sulistyorini. Penggunaan Media Sosial di Kalangan Mahasiswa Selama Pandemi Covid-19. Equlibrium: Jurnal Pendidikan. Vol. X. Issu 1. Januari-April 2022

Andi Saputra. Survei Penggunaan Media Sosial Di Kalangan Mahasiswa Kota Padang Menggunakan Teori Uses And Gratifications. BACA: Jurnal Dokumentasi dan Informasi, 40 (2) Desember 2019.

Alasmari, A., Addawood, A., Nouh, M., Rayes, W., & Al-Wabil, A. (2021). A retrospective analysis of the COVID-19 infodemic in Saudi Arabia. Future Internet, 13(10), 254.

Alfanani, T. S. (2017). Konstruksi Sosial Komunitas Pesantren mengenai Isu Radikalisme (Studi Kasus Pada Pesantren Salaf & Modern di Kota Malang). Jurnal Sosiologi Agama, 10(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.14421/jsa.2016.1002-01

Alqahtani, H., & Xue, F. (2022). The influence of Snapchat ads on students buying behaviors in Saudi Arabia. Eximia, 5(1), 51-61.

Al-Qurtuby, S. U. M. A. N. T. O. (2021). Islam, Muslim and anthropology. International Journal of Islamic Thought, 20, 138-155.

Amit, S., Barua, L., & Kafy, A. A. (2021). Countering violent extremism using social media and preventing implementable strategies for Bangladesh. Heliyon, 7(5), e07121.

Anggraeny, O. D. D. (2017). Pernikahan Generasi Millinnial. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

Asadi, M., Noroozi, M., & Alavi, M. (2022). Identifying women’s needs to adjust to postpartum changes: a qualitative study in Iran. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 22(1), 1-10.

Bakti, A. S. (2016a). Deradikalisasi Dunia Maya, Mencegah Simbiosis Terorisme dan Media. Daulat Press.

Bakti, A. S. (2016b). Deradikalisasi Dunia Maya, Mencegah Simbiosis Terorisme dan Media. Daulat Press.

Basri, B., & Dwiningrum, N. R. (2019). Potensi Radikalisme di Perguruan Tinggi (Studi Kasus di Politeknik Negeri Balikpapan). JSHP : Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Dan Pendidikan, 3(1), 84–91. https://doi.org/10.32487/jshp.v3i1.546

Bianchi, A., & Phillips, J. G. (2005a). Thang MPPUS. Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale.pdf. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 8, 39–51.

Bianchi, A., & Phillips, J. G. (2005b). Thang MPPUS. Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale.pdf. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 8, 39–51.

Boer, M., Stevens, G. W., Finkenauer, C., de Looze, M. E., & van den Eijnden, R. J. (2021). Social media use intensity, social media use problems, and mental health among adolescents: Investigating directionality and mediating processes. Computers in Human Behavior, 116, 106645.

Butkevičienė, E., Skarlatidou, A., Balázs, B., Duží, B., Massetti, L., Tsampoulatidis, I., & Tauginienė, L. (2021). Citizen science case studies and their impacts on social innovation. The science of citizen science, 309.

BNPT. (2017). Hasil Diseminasi hasil Survei di Riau.

BPS. (2019a). Statistik Pemuda Indonesia Tahun 2019. Badan Pusat Statistik.

BPS. (2019b). Statistik Pemuda Indonesia Tahun 2019. Badan Pusat Statistik.

Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting Abd Evakuating Quantitative dan Qualitative Research (4th ed.). Pearson Education, Inc.

Dursun, P. (2021). Optimism, hope and subjective well-being: a literature overview. Çatalhöyük Uluslararası Turizm ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, (6), 61-74.

Dick, W., Carey, L., & Carey, J. O. (2005). The Systematic Design of Instruction.

Diniaty, A., Zarkasih, Mustakim, & Vebrianto, R. (2020). The Millenial Muslim Activity using Internet : An Indonesian Perception. Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, 6(2), 16–26.

Dursun, P. (2021). Optimism, hope and subjective well-being: a literature overview. Çatalhöyük Uluslararası Turizm ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, (6), 61-74.

Demircioglu, M. A., & Vivona, R. (2021). Depoliticizing the European immigration debate: How to employ public sector innovation to integrate migrants. Research Policy, 50(2), 104150.

Ermayenti, & Heryanto. (2019). The Effect of Competence and Discipline of Work on Public Satisfaction in The Regional Office of The Ministry of Religion in West Sumatera Province with Quality of Service As An Intervening Variable. Archives of Business Research, 7(7), 69–87.

Eva Dwi Kumala Sari, Muhamad Rosadi ,dkk. Literasi Keagamaan Mahasiswa Di Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Negeri Uin Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Jurnal Emanasi, Jurnal Ilmu Keislaman dan Sosial (Vol 3, No. 1, April 2020)

Farhadi, A. (2022). Countering Violent Extremism in Central Asia and South Asia: Islamophobia and Cyber-Radicalization in the Digital Era. In The Great Power Competition Volume 3 (pp. 83-97). Springer, Cham.

Fitri, S. (2017). Dampak Positif dan Negatif Sosial Media terhadap Perubahan Sosial Anak. NATURALISTIC : Jurnal Kajian Penelitian Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 1(2), 118–123. https://doi.org/10.35568/naturalistic.v1i2.5

Gagne, R. M., Wager, W. W., Golas, K. C., & Keller, J. M. (2005a). Principles of Instructional Design (Fifth). Wadsworth Thomson Learning.

Gagne, R. M., Wager, W. W., Golas, K. C., & Keller, J. M. (2005b). Principles of Instructional Design (Fifth). Wadsworth Thomson Learning.

Ghifari, I. F. (2017). Radikalisme di Internet. Religious: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama Dan Lintas Budaya, 1(2), 123–124. https://doi.org/10.15575/rjsalb.v1i2.1391

Ghufron, M. N., Suminta, R. R., & Kusuma, J. H. (2020). Knowledge and Learning of Interreligious and Intercultural Understanding in an Indonesian Islamic College Sample: An Epistemological Belief Approach. In Religions (Vol. 11, Issue 8). https://doi.org/10.3390/rel11080411

Groven, F., Odekerken-Schröder, G., Zwakhalen, S., & Hamers, J. (2021). Network well-being from a balanced centricity perspective. Journal of Services Marketing.

Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Babin, B. J, Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (2006). Multivariate Data Analysis. Pearson Educational International.

Harmi, H. (2022). Analysis of the Level of Religious Moderation of High School Students in Rejang Lebong. Ta'dib: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 27(1), 1-13.

In'am, A., & Sutrisno, E. S. (2021). Strengthening Students' Self-Efficacy and Motivation in Learning Mathematics through the Cooperative Learning Model. International Journal of Instruction, 14(1), 395-410.

Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the World, Unite! The Challenges and Opportunities of Social Media. Business Horizons, 53(1), 59–68.

Khairuni, N. (2016). Dampak Positif dan Negatif Sosial Media terhadap Pendidikan Akhlak Anak (Studi Kasus di SMP Negeri 2 Kelas VIII Banda Aceh). JURNAL EDUKASI: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling, 2(1), 91–106.

Ke, Q., Chan, S. W. C., Kong, Y., Fu, J., Li, W., Shen, Q., & Zhu, J. (2021). Frontline nurses’ willingness to work during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A mixed‐methods study. Journal of advanced nursing, 77(9), 3880-3893.

Khotimah, S. K., Nadhirah, A., Fadhilah, F., & Herawati, N. (2022, January). The Effect of Religiosity and Self-Efficacy to Improve Students’ Literacy: A Study on Academic Cheating. In International Conference on Madrasah Reform 2021 (ICMR 2021) (pp. 331-339). Atlantis Press.

Kruglova, A. (2021). For God, for Tsar and for the Nation: authenticity in the Russian Imperial Movement’s propaganda. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 1-23.

Kurniawan, R., Haizam Mohd Saudi, M., & Raphael Wijaya, Z. (2018). The Influence of Brand Equity and STP towards Pricing Strategy and the Impact on Decision Making. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.34), 318–326. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.34.25304

Muchith, M. S. (2016). Radikalisme Dalam Dunia Pendidikan. Addin, 10(1), 163. https://doi.org/10.21043/addin.v10i1.1133

Muthohirin, N. (2015). Radikalisme Islam dan Pergerakannya di Media Sosial. Afkaruna: Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Studies, 11(2), 240–259.

Moore, D. A. (2021). Perfectly confident leadership. California Management Review, 63(3), 58-69.

Muhammad Kemal Pasha, Putri Maylana Pratiska, dkk. Partisipasi Mahasiswa Dalam Organisasi Himpunan Mahasiswa Jurusan (Hmj) Sosiologi. SOCIOLOGIE:Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Sosiologi,Vol. 1, No. 1,Januari 2022.

Mulyaningsih, H. (2022). The relationship between different social factors and the intensity of student radicalism. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 13(2).

Nainggolan, R. L. F. I. (2021). Students Perceptions in Choosing Education to Higher Education. Technium Soc. Sci. J., 17, 476.

Nicolleau, M., Mascret, N., Martha, C., Naude, C., Serre, T., & Ragot-Court, I. (2022). Implicit theories in driving: Scale development, validation, and predictive role on violations and driving self-efficacy. Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour, 86, 333-344.

Nisa, E. F. (2018). Creative and lucrative Daʿwa: the visual culture of Instagram amongst female Muslim youth in Indonesia. Asiascape: Digital Asia, 5(1-2), 68-99. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/22142312-12340085

Nisa, E. F. (2021). Internet and Muslim Women 50. Handbook of Contemporary Islam and Muslim Lives, 1023.

Nunnally, J. C. (1978). The Study of Change in Evaluation Research: Principal Concerning Measurement, Experimental Design and Analysis. Sage Publication.

O'Hara, K., & Stevens, D. (2015). Echo chambers and online radicalism: Assessing the Internet's complicity in violent extremism. Policy & Internet, 7(4), 401-422.

Oktavia, N. A. (2021). Investigasi Peran Mindful Media pada Penggunaan Media Virtual Keagamaan. IJIP: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Psychology, 3(2), 137-160.

Pabbajah, M., Jubba, H., Abdullah, I., & Pabbajah, M. T. H. (2021). From the scriptural to the virtual: Indonesian engineering students responses to the digitalization of Islamic education. Teaching Theology & Religion, 24(2), 122-130.

Pasquale, C., Sciacca, F., & Hichy, Z. (2015). Smartphone Addiction and Dissociative Experience: An investigation in Italian adolescents aged between 14 and 19 years. International Journal of Psychology & Behavior Analysis, 1(2), 2–5. https://doi.org/10.15344/2455-3867/2015/109

Piazza, J. A., & Guler, A. (2021). The online caliphate: Internet usage and ISIS support in the Arab world. Terrorism and political violence, 33(6), 1256-1275.

Pew Research Center. (2014). Religion and Electronic Media: One-in-Five Americans Share Their Faith Online. Retrieved from Pew Forum website: https://www.pewforum.org/2014/11/06/religionand-electronic-media/

Rasyidin, A., & Nasution., H. (2018). Kearifan muhammadiyah di sumatera utara dalam merespons isu radikalism. Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf Dan Pemikiran Islam, 8(2), 457–484.

Riyadi, H. (2016). Koeksistensi Damai Dalam Masyarakat Muslim Modernis. Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama Dan Sosial Budaya, 1(1), 18–33. https://doi.org/10.15575/jw.v39i1.575

Retpitasari, E., & Oktavia, N. A. (2020). Preference of Social Media Usage in Teenagers Religion. Tribakti: Jurnal Pemikiran Keislaman, 31(1), 17–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33367/tribakti.v31i1.985

Rokhmanm, M., Wahidin, S., & Suharnoko, D. (2021). Prevention of Radicalism at Islamic Boarding College. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 1(4), 33-37.

Satria Ultra Okta Pratama, Marleni, Hefni. Organisasi Kampus sebagai Wadah Pengembangan Soft Skill Mahasiswa melalui UKM Lembaga Dakwah Kampus(LDK) di STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai. Volume 5Nomor 3 Tahun 2021.

Saputra, R. E. (2018). Api dalam Sekam: Keberagamaan Generasi Z. Banten: Pusat Pengkajian Islam dan Masyarakat (PPIM) UIN Syarif Hidayatullah.

Sari, B. D. A. C. (2017). Media literasi dalam kontra propaganda radikalisme dan terorisme melalui media internet. Peperangan Asimetrik, 3(1), 15–31.

Sievert, K., Lawrence, M., Parker, C., Russell, C. A., & Baker, P. (2022). Who has a beef with reducing red and processed meat consumption? A media framing analysis. Public Health Nutrition, 25(3), 578-590.

Siuda, P. (2021). Mapping Digital Religion: Exploring the Need for New Typologies. Religions, 12(6), 373.

Su, W., Han, X., Yu, H., Wu, Y., & Potenza, M. N. (2020). Computers in Human Behavior Do men become addicted to internet gaming and women to social media ? A meta-analysis examining genderrelated differences in specific internet addiction. Computers in Human Behavior, 113(July), 106480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106480

Sunarto, A. (2017). Dampak Media Sosial terhadap Paham Radikalisme. Nuansa, 10(2), 126–132.

Supratman, L. P. (2018). Penggunaan Media Sosial oleh Digital Native. Jurnal ILMU KOMUNIKASI, 15(1), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.24002/jik.v15i1.1243

Suyudi, M., & Putra, W. H. (2022). Implementation of Islamic Education Based on Religious Moderation Through Tri Dharma Activities at Islamic Religious College. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 14(1), 189-202.

Syafei, I. (2019). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Pendidikan Agama Islam Berbasis Problem Based Learning Untuk Menangkal Radikalisme Pada Peserta Didik Sma Negeri Di Kota Bandar Lampung. Al-Tadzkiyyah: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 10(1), 137–158. https://doi.org/10.24042/atjpi.v10i1.3631

Syahputra, M. C. (2020). Jihad Santri Millennial Melawan Radikalisme di Era Digital: Studi Gerakan Arus Informasi Santri Nusantara di Media Sosial. Jurnal Islam Nusantara, 4(1), 69–80. https://doi.org/10.33852/jurnalin.v4i1.187

Syam, N. (2009). Tangangan Multikulturalisme Indonesia. Kanisius.

Tanasa, S., Yahiji, K., & Damhuri, D. (2019). Manajemen Pengembangan Karakter Berbasis Spiritual Quotient dalam Mengatasi Isu-Isu Radikalisme di Madrasah Aliyah. Al-Minhaj: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 2(1), 1–19.

Tang, C. S., Koh, Y. W., & Gan, Y. (2017). Addiction to Internet Use, Online Gaming , and Online Social Networking Among Young Adults in China, Singapore, and the United States. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 29(8). 673-682. doi: 10.1177/1010539517739558.

Tsuria, R., & Campbell, H. A. (2021). Introduction to the study of digital religion. In Digital Religion (pp. 1-21). Routledge.

Toyyib, M. (2018). Radikalisme di Indonesia. Ta’lim: Jurnal Studi Pendidikan Islam, 1(1), 90–105.

Vasist, P. N., & Krishnan, S. (2022). Demystifying fake news in the hospitality industry: A systematic literature review, framework, and an agenda for future research. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 106, 103277.

Weimann, G., Berton, B., & Samouris, A. (2022). IS's global digital arenas: Strategy and platforms. In Salafi-Jihadism and Digital Media (pp. 132-156). Routledge.

Widyaningsih, R., Sumiyem, S., & Kuntarto, K. (2017). The Potential of Religious Radicalism Movement in Banyumas. Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan, 25(1), 203. https://doi.org/10.21580/ws.25.1.1807

Wiktorowicz, Q. (2001). The Management of Islamic Activism: Salafis, the Muslim Brotherhood, and State Power in Jordan. State University of New York Press.

Wilson, J. A., & Ayad, N. I. (2021). Religiosity and Egyptian Muslim millennials’ views on offensive advertising. Journal of Islamic Marketing.

Winarni, L. (2014). Media Massa dan Isu Radikalisme Islam. Jurnal Komunikasi Massa, 7(2), 159–166.

Wong, I. A., Lin, Z., & Kou, I. E. (2021). Restoring hope and optimism through staycation programs: An application of psychological capital theory. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 1-20.

Yikwa, S., Nugroho, A., & Sitokdana, M. N. N. (2019). Analisis Hubungan Sosial Anggota Himppar Salatiga di Media Facebook Menggunakan Social Network Analysis. Prosiding SENIATI, 5(2), 70–79.

Zahay, D. (2021). Advancing research in digital and social media marketing. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 29(1), 125-139.

Zaid, B., Fedtke, J., Shin, D. D., El Kadoussi, A., & Ibahrine, M. (2022). Digital Islam and Muslim Millennials: How Social Media Influencers Reimagine Religious Authority and Islamic Practices. Religions, 13(4), 335.

Downloads

Published

22-03-2024

How to Cite

Khalilullah, M., Vebrianto, R., Syukri , M., Mujtahid, I. M., & Hardila, D. (2024). Islamic Understanding in the Digital Age among University Student Associations: A Social Network Perspective. Millati: Journal of Islamic Studies and Humanities, 8(2), 191–215. https://doi.org/10.18326/millati.v8i2.543

Issue

Section

Articles