Analyzing the Role of Gender, Academic Year, and Student Status in Academic Self-Efficacy Among Muslim College Students

Elia Firda Mufidah; Cindy Asli Pravesti; Fatimah Az Zahrah Binti Zolkeplai

doi:10.18326/pamomong.v6i1.3752

Authors

Elia Firda Mufidah Universitas PGRI Adi Buana
Cindy Asli Pravesti Universitas PGRI Adi Buana
Fatimah Az Zahrah Binti Zolkeplai Jabatan Pendidikan Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18326/pamomong.v6i1.3752

Keywords:

Academic Self-Efficacy, Gender, Academic Year, Student Status, Muslim Students

Abstract

Academic self-efficacy refers to an individual’s belief in their capability to successfully execute academic tasks and is a critical determinant of academic achievement. This study investigates the influence of gender, academic year, and student status on students’ academic self-efficacy. Employing a quantitative correlational design, data were collected from 132 Muslim students enrolled in the Guidance and Counseling Program at Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya, using a validated self-efficacy scale (KMO-MSA = .82; α = .912). Correlational and regression analyses indicated no statistically significant relationships or effects of gender (p = .899), academic year (p = .151), or student status (p = .677) on academic self-efficacy. Collectively, these variables accounted for only 1.8% of the variance, implying the presence of other influential factors. This study contributes to the understanding of academic self-efficacy within an Islamic context and underscores the limited predictive power of demographic variables. Future research should examine psychological, motivational, and contextual factors—such as learning strategies, emotional states, and religious values. Additionally, longitudinal and mixed-methods approaches across multiple institutions are recommended to elucidate causal mechanisms and provide a more comprehensive understanding of the development of academic self-efficacy among Muslim students.

References

Artino Jr., A. R. (2012). Academic self-efficacy: from educational theory to instructional practice. Perspectives on Medical Education, 1(2), 76–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/S40037-012-0012-5

Atmoko, A., & Rachmawati, I. (2025). Analisis Data Penelitian Pendidikan Disertasi Aplikasi SPSS. Depok: Rajawali Pers.

Azwar, S. (2015). Metode Penelitian (Research Methodology). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Belajar. Retrieved from https://scholar.google.co.id/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=_MWswTMAAAAJ&cstart=20&pagesize=80&sortby=pubdate&citation_for_view=_MWswTMAAAAJ:g3aElNc5_aQC

Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191

Bandura, A. (1978). Reflections on self-efficacy. Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy, 1(4), 237–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6402(78)90012-7

Bandura, A. (1995). Self-efficacy in Changing Societies. United States of America: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1017/CBO9780511527692

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy, The Excercise of Control. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.

Bandura, A. (2001). Social Cognitive Theory: An Agentic Perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.1

Clynes, M., Sheridan, A., & Frazer, K. (2020). Ref: NET_2019_1563: Working while studying: The impact of term-time employment on undergraduate nursing students’ engagement in the Republic of Ireland: A cross-sectional study. Nurse Education Today, 92, 104513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104513

DiBenedetto, M. K., & Schunk, D. H. (2022). Assessing Academic Self-efficacy. In Academic Self-efficacy in Education (pp. 11–37). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8240-7_2

Dzul, H. D., Hussin, Z., & Sulaiman, A. M. (2023). The Effect Of Professional Learning Community Mediators On Trust And Self-Efficacy Of Islamic Education Teachers In Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 20(1), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.32890/mjli2023.20.1.1

Escobar, M., Majewski, H. M., Qazi, M., & Rawajfih, Y. (2023). Self-efficacy in STEM. In International Encyclopedia of Education(Fourth Edition) (pp. 388–394). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818630-5.13049-0

Fabia, J. N. V. (2024). Students satisfaction, self-efficacy and achievement in an emergency online learning course. Research in Learning Technology, 32. https://doi.org/10.25304/rlt.v32.3179

Fazwanis, N., & Othman, B. (2019). Student’s Self-Efficacy In Integrating Islamic And Scientific Knowledge. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Quran as Foundation of Civilisation (SWAT 2019) FPQS,Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia. Retrieved from https://oarep.usim.edu.my/entities/publication/7850296d-fbb1-4d75-b8e9-56fc92eb29be

Hayat, A. A., Shateri, K., Amini, M., & Shokrpour, N. (2020). Relationships between academic self-efficacy, learning-related emotions, and metacognitive learning strategies with academic performance in medical students: a structural equation model. BMC Medical Education, 20(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-01995-9

Hinduja, P., Fakir Mohammad, R., & Siddiqui, S. (2024). Factors Influencing Students’ Academic Self-Efficacy in Related Domains. Sage Open, 14(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241289738

Honicke, T., Broadbent, J., & Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M. (2023). The self-efficacy and academic performance reciprocal relationship: the influence of task difficulty and baseline achievement on learner trajectory. Higher Education Research & Development, 42(8), 1936–1953. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2023.2197194

Huang, C. (2013). Gender differences in academic self-efficacy: a meta-analysis. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 28(1), 1–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10212-011-0097-y

Ihsani, H., & Utami, S. E. (2022). The role of religiosity and self-efficacy towards a quarter-life crisis in Muslim college students. INSPIRA: Indonesian Journal of Psychological Research, 3(1), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.32505/inspira.v3i1.4309

Ismail, H., Othman, A., Mahmood, S. R. S., Ibrahim, H., & Ismail, N. A. (2024). Relationship between Competency and Self-Efficacy among Islamic Education Students (IES) during Teaching Practicum. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 12(07), 300–313. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2024.127021

Lee, H. Y., & List, A. (2021). Examining students’ self-efficacy and perceptions of task difficulty in learning from multiple texts. Learning and Individual Differences, 90, 102052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2021.102052

Liu, X., Ji, X., & Zhang, Y. (2023). Trajectories of college students’ general self-efficacy, the related predictors, and depression: A piecewise growth mixture modeling approach. Heliyon, 9(5), e15750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15750

Mamnoun, S., Nfissi, A., & Naguim, M. (2023). Students’ Perceived Academic Self-Efficacy by Gender and Subject Domain. Journal of Gender, Culture and Society, 3(1), 57–65. https://doi.org/10.32996/jgcs.2023.3.1.6

Nuutila, K., Tapola, A., Tuominen, H., Molnár, G., & Niemivirta, M. (2021). Mutual relationships between the levels of and changes in interest, self-efficacy, and perceived difficulty during task engagement. Learning and Individual Differences, 92, 102090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2021.102090

Owen, S. V, & Froman, R. D. (1988). Development of a College Academic Self-Efficacy Scale. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the National Council on Measurement in Education. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED298158

Pfitzner-Eden F. (2016). Why Do I Feel More Confident? Bandura's Sources Predict Preservice Teachers' Latent Changes in Teacher Self-Efficacy. Frontiers in psychology, 7, 1486. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01486

Pravesti, C. A., & Mufidah, E. F. (2023). Model Teoritik Kesiapan Belajar Mandiri Mahasiswa FPP UNIPA Surabaya (Hubungan Sebab Akibat Faktor Efikasi Diri, Motivasi Berprestasi, Terhadap Kesiapan Belajar Mandiri). Laporan Hibah Internal Adibuana. Surabaya: Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya. Retrieved from https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=id&user=Ii75vZsAAAAJ&cstart=20&pagesize=80&sortby=pubdate&citation_for_view=Ii75vZsAAAAJ:g5m5HwL7SMYC

Pravesti, C., Mufidah, E. F., & Lathifah, M. (2023). Tingkat Efikasi Diri Mahasiswa Program Studi Bimbingan dan Konseling. Jurnal Mahasiswa BK An-Nur : Berbeda, Bermakna, Mulia, 9(1), 193-199. https://doi.org/10.31602/jmbkan.v9i1.9961

Refae, G. A. E., Kaba, A., & Eletter, S. (2021). The Impact of Demographic Characteristics on Academic Performance: Face-to-Face Learning Versus Distance Learning Implemented to Prevent the Spread of COVID-19 The Impact of Demographic Characteristics on Academic Performance El Refae , Kaba, and Eletter. In International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 22(1), 91–110. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v22i1.5031

Romadhon, Q. M. (2024). Epistemological Construction of Academic Self-Efficacy in Muslim Students: A Transcendental Phenomenological Study. Journal of Islamic Communication and Counseling, 4(1), 12–26. https://doi.org/10.18196/jicc.v4i1.97

Rothberger, S. M., Harris, B., Czech, D., & Melton, B. F. (2015). The Relationship of Gender and Self-Efficacy on Social Physique Anxiety among College Students. International Journal of Exercise Science, 8(3), 234–242. https://doi.org/10.70252/VYNB1202

Schunk, D. H., & DiBenedetto, M. K. (2015). Self-Efficacy: Education Aspects. In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (pp. 515–521). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.92019-1

Seon Ahn, H., & Bong, M. (2019). Self-Efficacy in Learning. In The Cambridge Handbook of Motivation and Learning (pp. 63–86). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316823279.005

Shengyao, Y., Salarzadeh Jenatabadi, H., Mengshi, Y., Minqin, C., Xuefen, L., & Mustafa, Z. (2024). Academic resilience, self-efficacy, and motivation: the role of parenting style. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 5571. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55530-7

Singla, A. (2021). Gender Difference Study on the Effects of Self-efficacy and Personality on Procrastination. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 9(3), 158-166. Retrieved from https://ijip.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/18.01.019.0210903.pdf

Syalviana, E. (2021). Efikasi Diri Akademik dalam Menghadapi Tuntutan Perkuliahan pada Mahasiswa. JIVA : Journal of Behavior and Mental Health, 2(2), 211-218. https://doi.org/10.30984/jiva.v2i2.1773

Talsma, K., Robertson, K., Thomas, C., & Norris, K. (2021). COVID-19 Beliefs, Self-Efficacy and Academic Performance in First-year University Students: Cohort Comparison and Mediation Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 643408. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643408

Usher, E. L., & Morris, D. B. (2022). Self-efficacy. Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology. 117-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-91497-0.00085-0

Villafañe, S. M., Xu, X., & Raker, J. R. (2016). Self-efficacy and academic performance in first-semester organic chemistry: testing a model of reciprocal causation. Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 17(4), 973–984. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RP00119J