Phenomenon of Politeness Strategy in Negotiation Speech Acts in the Traditional Market
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18326/jopr.v8i3.1082-1098Abstract
This qualitative study aims to examine the phenomenon of politeness strategies in negotiation speech acts that occur in traditional markets, by focusing on dialogue when sellers and buyers build interactions in the negotiation process. The study was conducted in six traditional markets located in Badung and Denpasar regencies to represent the local economic interaction environment. Participants in the study were sellers and buyers involved in the negotiation process, selected by purposive sampling based on predetermined criteria. The direct participatory observation method was used and supported by data collection techniques through listening, taking notes, recording and documenting, and interviewing 25 traders in traditional markets. The data analysis technique used pragmatic equivalents. To increase data validity, triangulation was conducted using several data sources (observation, interviews, and documentation and technique triangulation. The results of the study found that the types of politeness strategies used were Bald on record, positive politeness strategies, negative politeness, off record, and indirect speaking strategies. Politeness strategies play an important role in maintaining social relations and creating a harmonious atmosphere. The right politeness strategy not only functions to reach a price agreement, but also to maintain social harmony as a form of reflection of local cultural values that emphasize the importance of good social relations among market players. The results of this study are expected to provide insight into how polite communication in negotiations becomes an important part of social life in traditional markets. This research contributes to the development of sociopragmatic studies, particularly in understanding the role of politeness strategies in negotiation speech acts within the domain of traditional trade. The findings can serve as a reference for enhancing communication skills that are polite, persuasive, and respectful of social relationships in trading activities.
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