LISANIA: Journal of Arabic Education and Literature

The Teaching of Arabic Studies in Nigerian Universities and the Underrepresentation of Females in the Field

Tajudeen Yusuf — 2024-12-22

This paper investigates the teaching of Arabic studies in Nigerian universities, focusing on the challenges and factors contributing to the underrepresentation of female students and educators. Arabic holds significant religious, cultural, and historical value in Nigeria; however, female participation in the field remains limited. Through an in-depth exploration of societal, cultural, and institutional barriers, this study identifies major obstacles that discourage women from enrolling in and pursuing careers in Arabic studies. Key barriers include restrictive gender norms, minimal female faculty representation, and perceptions of limited career prospects, which collectively reinforce gender disparities in the field. The study also reviews current initiatives that promote gender equity in Arabic studies and proposes actionable strategies, such as curriculum reform, community outreach, and mentorship programs, to enhance female enrollment and retention. By addressing these socio-cultural and institutional challenges, the paper seeks to encourage policies and reforms that foster inclusivity, support female advancement, and improve the overall quality of Arabic education in Nigeria. The study concludes with recommendations aimed at achieving gender equity and strengthening the academic landscape of Arabic studies in Nigerian universities, thereby contributing to a more balanced and inclusive academic field.

Burial in the Homeland as the Highest Dreams of the Exiles: Postcolonialism in the Modern Arabic Novel

Mahmudah — 2024-12-22

This research aims to show the strategy adopted by Arab exiles in modern Arabic novels to return to their homeland by making a testament for repatriating their bodies after they die. Considering that the phenomenon of the outcasts is an effect of Western colonialism in the Arab world, this research uses a postcolonial perspective to approach the topic. Using an interpretive method, the exiles' desire to be buried in the homeland will be examined in three novels: Lailatu al-Milyār (1986), Sahrah Tanakkuriyyah lil-Mautā (2003) by Gādah as-Sammān (Syrian Lebanese), and Maṣā`ir: Kūnsyirtū al-Hūlūkūst wa an-Nakbah (2015) by Raba’ī al-Madhūn (Palestinian). The results of the analysis show that: (1) exiles made testament to their offspring to be buried in the homeland to ensure the connection, (2) socio-economic conditions in exile and socio-politics in the homeland make the testament failed to be realized, (3) the effects of inability to fulfill the testament had become a way for the offspring to get to know and love the homeland despite of the distance. Even though returning to the homeland is proved impossible, this strategy of exiles had succeeded in raising nationalism in their offspring. The futility of returning to Palestine seems greater than to Lebanon, considering that Israel has occupied Palestine.

Students' Perceptions of Integrating Qalam AI and Teacher Competencies in Arabic Reading Instruction

Restu Budiansyah Rizki — 2024-12-22

In the educational context, the advancement of artificial intelligence technology, such as Qalam AI, brought significant positive impacts due to its ability to analyze morphological (sharf) and syntactic (nahw) patterns within Arabic sentences. However, this potential must be complemented by teachers' competencies in validating the results of Qalam AI's analysis of Arabic texts. This study explored students' perceptions of integrating Qalam AI and teacher competencies in Arabic reading instruction. This study used a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used in this study was a convenience sampling method with 150 participants selected from various educational institutions. The data collection technique involved questionnaires. The effectiveness questionnaire assessed five key indicators: ease of learning, material comprehension, student satisfaction, interest and motivation, and learning activity. The validity test of this research used Pearson product-moment, and the reliability test used Cronbach's alpha formula. The questionnaire was tested for validity and reliability using SPSS 24. The validity and reliability tests of the instrument showed that each statement was valid and reliable. The research results indicated students "agree" that integrating Qalam AI and teacher competencies could facilitate understanding of the material and enhance learning activities. Additionally, it showed students "strongly agree" that this integration could simplify learning, provide satisfaction, and increase student interest and motivation. Therefore, it could be concluded that integrating Qalam AI technology and teacher competencies could be utilized in the educational context, particularly in the teaching and learning processes such as reading instruction.

Development of Vocabulary Learning Videos to Improve Students' Motivation and Understanding of Arabic Vocabulary

Ida Latifatul Umroh — 2024-12-22

This research is motivated by the low motivation to learn Arabic and understand vocabulary at the elementary level. This study aims to produce a product in the form of vocabulary learning videos and describe its feasibility in increasing learning motivation and understanding of Arabic vocabulary. The type of research is research and development. The research data from the results of the validation of material and media experts, limited field tests assessing the language learning motivation, and effectiveness of Arabic vocabulary learning videos. The data collection technique uses observation and questionnaires. The results of the research are: (1) the product was developed in the form of learning video media to increase learning motivation and understanding of Arabic vocabulary at the beginner level. This product contains images that symbolize the meaning of words. This product presents one learning theme, natural scenery, consisting of nine vocabularies. This product also contains exercises to help students understand Arabic vocabulary. (2) The product feasibility from both material and media experts is good. The results of limited field tests of the product use are excellent, while the pilot test for student motivation is high. Therefore, this medium is valuable and should be used in learning.

Taṭwīr Adawāt Taqwīm Ta’līm al-Balāgah ‘abra Minașșah Wordwall fī Ḍaui Madkhal al-Ikhtibār at-Tasykhīsyī li Arba’ati Mustawayāt

Lailatul Mathoriyah Laila — 2024-12-22

This study aims to develop an evaluation instrument based on the Four Tier Diagnostic Test on Qawā’id Balāgah material by utilizing an information and communication technology (ICT) platform to diagnose students' understanding in depth. This study uses a research and development (R&D) method based on the Borg & Gall model, which consists of ten steps. Data collection was carried out through tests and questionnaires. The test consists of 25 multiple-choice questions based on the Four Tier Diagnostic Test with a total of 100 questions divided into four levels: the first level measures cognitive ability, the second level determines the level of confidence in the answer, the third level explores the reasons behind the answer, and the fourth level measures confidence in the reasoning used. The validation results by material experts showed that this instrument was valid with a percentage of 79.5%, although some aspects such as the suitability of the questions to student competencies only reached 70%. The depth of the material and the ability of the questions to measure misconceptions scored 80%. Validation by media experts showed that this tool was valid with an average score of 82.5%. The validity test of the question items showed that all items were valid with a significance value of <0.05 and R-count> R-table (0.361). The reliability of the instrument based on Cronbach's Alpha of 0.884 indicates that this instrument is very reliable. Analysis of the level of difficulty shows that the questions are in the moderate category (0.3-0.73), with good discriminatory power (0.33-0.73). Thus, this instrument is declared feasible to be used as an evaluation tool in Balaghah learning and is effective in diagnosing misconceptions and students' level of understanding.

Ẓawāhir at-Tadākhulāt al-Lugawiyyah: Ta’ṡir al-Lugah al-Jāwiyyah wa as-Sundawiyyah fi al-Lugah al-‘Arabiyyah Ladā Mujtama’ Cirebon Indonesia

Muhsin Riyadi — 2024-12-22

This research aims to explore information related to language interference in Arabic spoken by speakers from the Cirebon community. The ethnic dualism that exists in Cirebon society, namely the Javanese and Sundanese, each of which has its characteristic dialect, is an interesting object in this research. The method used in this qualitative research is observation and in-depth interviews to collect data. The analysis in this research includes three activity streams: data processing and reduction, data triangulation, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of this research show that there is interference between Javanese and Sundanese in Arabic spoken by speakers who are members of the Cirebon community, both in words and sentences. This interference results in several errors in Arabic pronunciation or lahn, whether the errors are visible or vague, some errors change the meaning some do not change the meaning, and some occur repeatedly and non-repeatedly.

al-Jamāliyyah al-Uslūbiyyah fī Qaṣīdah Muʾtamar Nahḍah al-‘Ulamā` li al-Kiyāhi al-Ḥājj Afīfuddīn Muhājir

Yaniah Wardani — 2024-12-22

This research aims to reveal the contents of the Nahdlatul Ulama Muktamar Poetry written by KH Afifuddin Muhajir. This research uses Syihabuddin Qalyubi's stylistic theory as a tool. This poem is his offering to NU at the 34th Congress in Lampung. The aim of this research is also to try to reveal the beauty of the language of the Qasidah of the NU Congress using five levels, namely phonological, morphological, grammatical, semantic, and imagery theory. This research uses qualitative research with a literature review, namely by reviewing and analyzing data sourced from primary and secondary references that are still related to the topic of discussion. The results of this research prove that in terms of the content of this Qasidah, it includes the poet's praise for NU, the poet's hope for the success of the NU Congress, and the election of the best new leader. Meanwhile, from a stylistic perspective, it was found that qafiyah and bahar were by the content of the qasidah at the phonological level, the use of fi’il forms that were by the meaning of the qasidah at the morphological level, various sentence structures at the grammatical level, the existence of musytarak lafdzi at the semantic level, the discovery of tasybih and majaz at the level of imagery. So, it can be concluded that the language style of this Qasidah is beautiful because it fulfills every stylistic sub-theory.