Constructing Political Image in the Mediatized Era: Personal Branding of Indonesian Party Chairmen on Social Media
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18326/inject.v11i1.6522Keywords:
Personal Branding, Political Party, General Chairman, Social Media, TikTokAbstract
This research aims to analyze the digital personal branding strategies of the chairpersons of the Democratic Party, PKB, and PAN on TikTok. This research uses a qualitative method with a comparative case study approach. The findings of this study indicate that Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono tends to use a formal communication style and content focused on political and professional activities, reflecting an image of institutional and professional leadership. Muhaimin Iskandar demonstrates a more balanced, integrative communication pattern by combining formal, informal, symbolic, and emotional elements with diverse content narratives. Meanwhile, Zulkifli Hasan emphasizes informal and entertainment content, demonstrating a strong adaptation to TikTok's participatory culture. In terms of public response, Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono received mostly positive sentiment, while Muhaimin Iskandar and Zulkifli Hasan showed more varied sentiment patterns. Differences were also found in posting frequency strategies, ranging from momentum-based communication to consistent digital presence. Overall, this research shows that digital personal branding among Indonesian political leaders is diverse and reflects different approaches to political personalization in the digital era. This research highlights the increasing importance of social media in shaping political image, public engagement, and leadership legitimacy in contemporary Indonesian politics.
References
Alhaimer, R. S. (2023). Unveiling the digital persona image: The influence of social media on political candidates’ brand personality and voter behavior in Kuwait. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 969. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02420-4
Apriel Simanullang, A. & Prayetno. (2025). Peranmedia sosiall Tiktok dalamtransformasi politikk Gen Zpadaa Pemilihan Presidentahunn 2024 di Kelurahan Tegal Rejo. Jurnal Administrasi Politik Dan Sosial, 6(3), 432–450. https://doi.org/10.46730/japs.v6i3.327
Bernholz, L., Landemore, H., & Reich, R. (Eds.). (2021). Digital technology and democratic theory. University of Chicago Press.
Cervi, L., Tejedor, S., & Blesa, F. G. (2023). TikTok and Political Communication: The Latest Frontier of Politainment? A Case Study. Media and Communication, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v11i2.6390
Cross, W. P., & Katz, R. S. (Eds.). (2013). The challenges of intra-party democracy (1st ed). Oxford University Press.
DataReportal. (2025, November 25). The “state of digital” in Indonesia in 2026. Datareportal.Com. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2026-indonesia
Egeham, L. (2025). AHY Tegaskan Demokrat Dukung Prabowo Lagi di Pilpres 2029. Liputan6.Com. https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/5926422/ahy-tegaskan-demokrat-dukung-prabowo-lagi-di-pilpres-2029
Enli, G. S., & Skogerbø, E. (2013). PERSONALIZED CAMPAIGNS IN PARTY-CENTRED POLITICS: Twitter and Facebook as arenas for political communication. Information, Communication & Society, 16(5), 757–774. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.782330
Gibbs, M., Meese, J., Arnold, M., Nansen, B., & Carter, M. (2015). # Funeral and Instagram: Death, social media, and platform vernacular. Information, Communication & Society, 18(3), 255–268. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2014.987152
Gil De Zúñiga, H., & Chen, H.-T. (2019). Digital Media and Politics: Effects of the Great Information and Communication Divides. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 63(3), 365–373. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2019.1662019
Hamudy, Moh. I. A., & Rifki, M. S. (2019). Strengthening the Multi-Party Presidential Government in Indonesia. Politik Indonesia: Indonesian Political Science Review, 4(2), 208–232. https://doi.org/10.15294/ipsr.v4i2.18447
Hasrul, M., Patittingi, F., & Yunus, A. (2025). Simplifying the Multiparty System or Compromising Equality? Legal Challenges and the Current Political Landscape in Indonesia. Sriwijaya Law Review, 416–431. https://doi.org/10.28946/slrev.v9i2.4030
Holtz-Bacha, C., Langer, A. I., & Merkle, S. (2014). The personalization of politics in comparative perspective: Campaign coverage in Germany and the United Kingdom. European Journal of Communication, 29(2), 153–170. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323113516727
Iskandar, A. M. (2021). Negara dan politik kesejahteraan: Reorientasi arah baru pembangunan. PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Kaluža, J. (2022). Habitual Generation of Filter Bubbles: Why is Algorithmic Personalization Problematic for the Democratic Public Sphere? Javnost - The Public, 29(3), 267–283. https://doi.org/10.1080/13183222.2021.2003052
Karlsen, R., & Enjolras, B. (2016). Styles of Social Media Campaigning and Influence in a Hybrid Political Communication System: Linking Candidate Survey Data with Twitter Data. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 21(3), 338–357. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161216645335
Komarudin, L. M. (2024). Nakhoda di tengah badai: Strategi komunikasi politik AHY (Cetakan pertama). Bibliosmia Karya Indonesia.
Kreiss, D. (2016). Prototype politics: Technology-intensive campaigning and the data of democracy. Oxford University Press.
Kruikemeier, S. (2014). How political candidates use Twitter and the impact on votes. Computers in Human Behavior, 34, 131–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.01.025
Kurniawan, D. (2025). Politik Tengah Zulkifli Hasan: Menjaga Keseimbangan Nasional di Tengah Pusaran Ideologi. Afdan Rojabi Publisher.
Lees-Marshment, J. (2014). Political Marketing: Principles and Applications (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775043
Lilleker, D. G., & Negrine, R. (2002). Professionalization: Of What? Since When? By Whom? Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 7(4), 98–103. https://doi.org/10.1177/108118002236354
McAllister, I. (2015). The personalization of politics in Australia. Party Politics, 21(3), 337–345. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068813487111
Medina Serrano, J. C., Papakyriakopoulos, O., & Hegelich, S. (2020). Dancing to the Partisan Beat: A First Analysis of Political Communication on TikTok. 12th ACM Conference on Web Science, 257–266. https://doi.org/10.1145/3394231.3397916
Neuman, W. R., Marcus, G. E., & MacKuen, M. B. (2018). Hardwired for News: Affective Intelligence and Political Attention. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 62(4), 614–635. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2018.1523169
Nofiard, F. (2022). Komunikasi Politik Digital di Indonesia. Al-Hiwar : Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknik Dakwah, 10(2), 31. https://doi.org/10.18592/al-hiwar.v10i2.7548
Olof Larsson, A., & Moe, H. (2013). Representation or Participation?: Twitter Use During the 2011 Danish Election Campaign. Javnost - The Public, 20(1), 71–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/13183222.2013.11009109
Perloff, R. M. (2021). The Dynamics of Political Communication: Media and Politics in a Digital Age (3rd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429298851
Persada, G. (2025). PAN Usul Prabowo-Zulhas Maju 2029, PSI: Biar Bos Kita yang Menentukan. Kompas.Com. https://www.kompas.tv/nasional/649741/pan-usul-prabowo-zulhas-maju-2029-psi-biar-bos-kita-yang-menentukan
Rangarajan, D., Gelb, B. D., & Vandaveer, A. (2017). Strategic personal branding, and how it pays off. Business Horizons, 60(5), 657–666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2017.05.009
Scammell, M. (2014). Consumer democracy: The marketing of politics. Cambridge University Press.
Slater, D. (2018). Party cartelization, Indonesian-style: Presidential power-sharing and the contingency of democratic opposition. Journal of East Asian Studies, 18(1), 23–46. https://doi.org/10.1017/jea.2017.26
Strömbäck, J., & Esser, F. (2014). Mediatization of Politics: Towards a Theoretical Framework. In F. Esser & J. Strömbäck (Eds.), Mediatization of Politics (pp. 3–28). Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137275844_1
Stromer-Galley, J., Bryant, L., & Bimber, B. (2015). Context and Medium Matter: Expressing Disagreements Online and Face-to-Face in Political Deliberations. Journal of Deliberative Democracy, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.16997/jdd.218
Subekti, D. (2023). Political Polarization in Social Media: A Meta-Analysis. Thammasat Review, 26, 123. https://doi.org/10.14456/TUREVIEW.2023.11
Subekti, D. (2025). Digital Technology in Politics: To What Extent Indonesian Political Parties Use Social Media to Maintain Existence and Relevance. Politicos: Jurnal Politik Dan Pemerintahan, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.22225/politicos.5.1.2025.1-12
Suhendra, S., & Selly Pratiwi, F. (2024). Peran Komunikasi Digital dalam Pembentukan Opini Publik: Studi Kasus Media Sosial. Iapa Proceedings Conference, 293. https://doi.org/10.30589/proceedings.2024.1059
Tempo.co. (2025). Respons PKB Atas Usulan Prabowo-Gibran Berduet Lagi di 2029. Tempo.Co. https://www.tempo.co/politik/respons-pkb-atas-usulan-prabowo-gibran-berduet-lagi-di-2029-2072287
Trevisan, F., Vaughan, M., & Vromen, A. (2025). Story Tech: Power, Storytelling, and Social Change Advocacy. University of Michigan Press. https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.12067961
Vraga, E. (2016). Party differences in political content on social media. Online Information Review, 40(5), 595–609. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-10-2015-0345
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 INJECT (Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.




