Resistance Against Colonialism in Abdul Hamid al-Farahi’s Poetry During the Fall of the Ottoman Empire

2025-06-27T09:26:03+00:00

The fall of the Ottoman Empire in the early 20th century shook the Islamic world, exacerbated by Italian aggression against Tripoli (1911–1912). This study examines the representation of history in an Arabic poem by the Indian poet Abdul Hamid al-Farahi, titled Fī Taṭāwul al-Ṭalyān ʿalā Ṭarābulus, using Stephen Greenblatt's New Historicism. The research uncovers how al-Farahi’s poem serves as a literary response to the fall of the Ottoman state during Italian colonial aggression. The historical context is analyzed in parallel with poetic expression within the New Historicism framework. The method used is descriptive-qualitative with the following stages: (1) repeated close reading, (2) translation of verses, (3) identification of historical symbols, and (4) thematic classification. Data analysis involves (1) parallel reading between the poem and historical texts and (2) interpretation based on subthemes. Results show that the poem reflects colonization, the suffering of the Muslim community, the trauma of invasion, and a call to defend religious and national dignity. Through New Historicism, the study demonstrates that literature and historical narratives are interconnected, and that al-Farahi’s poem can be read as a historical form of resistance against colonial oppression.

Historical Review of the Eastern Tip of Java Island 1309 - 1763

2025-05-27T12:30:58+00:00

Blambangan is geographically located at the eastern tip of Java Island, making Blambangan an area that is often contested by other kingdoms, because it is considered strategic and also as a border between Java and Bali. This study starts from two questions, is Blambangan an independent kingdom? Or Blambangan as part of another kingdom? The other kingdoms in question are the Bali Kingdom on the east side, or the Majapahit Kingdom on the west side. The method used in this study is the historical method, starting with the heuristic process, criticism, interpretation and historiography. Based on the results of the study, Blambangan was founded in 1309, part of the Majapahit Kingdom given by Raden Jayanegara to Arya Wiraraja as a reward for his loyalty. The story of important events in history, the change of kings from time to time, the division of western and eastern Blambangan, the transfer of the kingdom's capital, the expansion of the territory as part of the peak of the glory of the Blambangan Kingdom, until the death of King Danuningrat as the end of the Tawang Alun dynasty in power is explained in this study with a historical perspective.

Keywords : Historical, Blambangan, Tawang Alun

Islah: Journal of Islamic Literature and History

Resistance Against Colonialism in Abdul Hamid al-Farahi’s Poetry During the Fall of the Ottoman Empire

Historical Review of the Eastern Tip of Java Island 1309 - 1763