FATUM ABUBAKAR; SYAHRUL MUBARAK SUBEITAN; ABDUL RAHIM HAKIMI; MUHAMMAD FAISOL; SITI BARORA SINAY. Qadhi Legitimization: Shifting Roles of the Penghulu in Ternate and Tidore Sultanates, Indonesia. Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan, [S. l.], v. 25, n. 1, p. 139–164, 2025. DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v25i1.139-164. Disponível em: https://ejournal.uinsalatiga.ac.id/index.php/ijtihad/article/view/2580. Acesso em: 7 oct. 2025.