Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies

Textual argumentation of the Shia-Sunni Adhān: a call to defending sectarian craving for Islamic authority in Indonesia and Iran

2024-07-02T02:16:01+00:00

The basis of the adhān should be the mutawatir hadith that resulted in consensus because the call to prayer sounds five times a day and night in public hearings. In reality, the call to prayer has been the object of controversy between Shia and Sunni Muslims. This includes its authentic origins, various phrases, and underlying arguments. This article offers theoretical significance to understand sectarian discourse and practical insights to stimulate Shia-Sunni harmony by using Appleby’s theory of the ambivalence of the sacred. The research begins by building a theoretical framework to understand sectarian variations, followed by an accessible literature review reinforced with related scholarly articles, historical records, and other Islamic texts. This, in turn, entails a comparative analysis to examine the differences in wording and content in the traditional call to prayer in the Shia-Sunni community. This study finds that the Shia-Sunni conflict over the Adhan can be a door to enlightenment to eliminate prejudice and tension between the two largest Islamic schools, Sunni-Shia, by acknowledging, realizing, respecting, and appreciating each other’s differences

Preventing intolerant understandings, attitudes, and behaviors among generation Z muslims in public and Islamic schools

2024-01-22T07:03:51+00:00

This research aims to explore school efforts to enhance resilience against intolerance through school policies. The study builds upon a survey conducted by previous researchers, which revealed that intolerant thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors have influenced Generation Z Muslim students in high schools. This research employs a qualitative method by conducting an in-depth and comprehensive analysis of the phenomena and the meaning of events, social dynamics, attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions of individuals or groups closely related to intolerance in high schools. The phenomena are examined through interviews, observations, and focus group discussions (FGD). The research findings conclude that schools have implemented various measures to enhance the resilience of the school community members through both internal and external policies. These include school policies and vision, curriculum quality and teaching, leadership and management, culture, student activities, and collaboration with external parties, including the facilitation of extracurricular activities. The research provides recommendations for more comprehensive efforts by developing a model of school policy insertion, both internal and external, that emphasizes tolerance values and prevents violence in schools.

Dynamics of Covid-19 policy implementation in DKI Jakarta: study of the responses of Muhammadiyah members

2024-07-02T04:21:59+00:00

Abstract

This study aims to map the dynamics of Muhammadiyah DKI Jakarta members’ responses to the handling Covid-19 policies and seek explanations of variations in responses from the perspective of political partisanship as a determining factor in the process of evaluating citizens against government policies. Qualitative method is used revealing factors influencing the emergence of different responses to three pandemic management policies: mobility restrictions, 3M campaigns (wearing masks, washing hands, keeping distance), and vaccinations. There are two findings of this research. First, the implementation of the Covid-19 policy has given rise to two clusters of responses among Muhammadiyah DKI Jakarta members, namely Affirmation (fully accepting) and Hesitancy, an attitude of doubt that gives rise to negotiation (selective acceptance), and resistance (complete rejection). Second, these variations in response represent the process of contestation of several factors in responding to pandemic policy against the background of political polarization of the leadership of the Governor of DKI (Anies Baswedan) and the Central Government (President Jokowi), namely political trust and distrust, knowledge construction, and political partisanship. Two study recommendations: first, the need for political partisanship and policy synchronization between the central and provincial governments in responding to non-natural disaster issues which demand alertness and innovation from policy makers. Second, the need for the government’s cultural sensitivity appointing the implementation of its policies to not widen polarization and provoke sentiments of political partisanship in society.

The Implications of Hamka’s thoughts in tafsir al-Azhar on the standpoint of Islamic social organizations in preventing authoritarianism in Indonesia

2024-05-13T22:31:51+00:00

Indonesian Islamic social organizations not only function as religious organizations but they serve as interest groups as well. Islamic social organizations are often faced with a dilemma of engaging in practical political matters or otherwise. This study analyzes thoughts and practices relating to the relationship between Islamic social organizations and the state. Study data were mined from Hamka’s thoughts in his seminal work Tafsir al-Azhar and historical documents of Muhammadiyah and the Indonesian Ulema Council (Majelis Ulama Indonesia – MUI) during the early period of the New Order, i.e., 1970-1980. The research questions posed in this study refer to how did Hamka interpret Qur’anic verses containing messages regarding the relationship between society and state and what are their implications on the practices of Indonesian Islamic social organizations in their relational dynamics with the state. Study results indicate that Hamka’s thoughts in Tafsir al-Azhar consider syura (deliberation) as a determinant in the relationship between society and state, and distinction between state and religious authority. The implications that Hamka’s thoughts had on the standpoint of Muhammadiyah as an Islamic social organization was its ability to separate itself from its political party affiliation. Muhammadiyah until 1960s was a special member of the Masyumi party. Following its separation with the Masyumi party, Muhammadiyah became an independent non-government civil institution that is critical of the state. As a civil institution, Muhammadiyah succeeded in playing its role as a civil society organization (CSO) and resisting the political regime to develop into an authoritarian and repressive state.

An examination of Talal Asad’s anthropological thought on the Islamic community of Sasak Lombok

2024-03-14T08:09:27+00:00

The island of Lombok is inhabited by the Sasak tribe with the majority of the people being Muslim. This island is located in the small Sunda range in the central region of Indonesia. The Sasak tribe as the original inhabitants of the island of Lombok, which is also nicknamed the island of a thousand mosques, has a variety of unique religious traditions and rituals that we can only find on the island of Lombok. so many traditions in Lombok itself are still closely related to Islam. As well as the maulidan tradition, Lebaran ketupat, and several other traditions. Discussions related to Islamic tradition have been studied by many figures in the world, one of which is Talal Asad. It should also be noted that Talal Asad has criticized the textualization of social life, his work has shifted analysis through behavioral interpretation and towards an investigation into the relationship of practice with what he calls "discursive tradition." Asad introduced this concept in his intervention into Islamic anthropology but also linked it to several fields (anthropology, religious studies, postcolonial studies, critical theory) concerned with ethics and religion in modernity. Through this article, the author would like to invite readers to jointly understand the context of Islamic anthropology based on customs, traditions, and the writings of figures such as Talal Asad. This article is expected to be able to provide education to the public regarding Islam on the island of Lombok, then the history of Islam on the island of Lombok, customs, traditions, and its review based on Talal Asad's anthropology.

Unlocking success: factors influencing zakat collection and reputation at Indonesian zakat institution

2024-07-02T02:12:18+00:00

This study aims to determine the factors that influence the increase in zakat collection and institutional reputation at the Muhammadiyah Zakat Infaq and Shadaqah Institution (LAZISMU). The variables studied are Digital Fundraising, Organizational Capability, Religiosity as independent variables. Increased collection as the dependent variable and institutional reputation as the mediating variable. The sample used was 249 respondents from the western, central and eastern Indonesian regions. Data analysis techniques using Structural Equation Model (SEM) techniques with the help of Smart PLS 4 statistical tools. The results showed that digital fundraising, organizational capabilities have a positive and significant influence on increasing zakat collection and institutional reputation. Religiosity has a positive and significant influence on increasing zakat collection. However, it has no influence on institutional reputation. The mediation results show that institutional reputation mediates the relationship between digital fundraising, organizational capability, religiosity to the increase in zakat collection. The implication of this research is that to obtain the level of trust of muzakki to pay professional zakat, it is necessary to pay attention to good institutional management and adequate personnel support so as to increase the collection of zakat and institutional reputation.

Fiqh aqalliyah as a legal alternative to Halal standardization in Japan as a non-majority Muslim country

2024-07-02T06:05:52+00:00

The increasing number of Muslim populations in the world has led to the development of the halal industry in both Muslim-majority countries and Muslim-minority countries. Japan is one of the non- Muslim majority countries that is actively developing the halal industry to meet the needs of Muslims both domestically and for export purposes. This research discusses the problems faced by Japan in meeting the needs of halal products for Muslims in Japan. Japan is experiencing problems related to halal standardization because the halal standards applied in Japan are halal standards from several Muslim-majority countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia and the United Arab Emirates. This study uses qualitative research methods through observation, in-depth interviews and FGD to explore the problems encountered in determining halal standards in Japan. This study found that the implementation of halal standards of Muslim majority countries to Muslim minority countries raises complex problems. For this reason, fiqh aqalliyah, which takes into consideration the geographical, social and cultural conditions of the community, can be a legal alternative for determining product halalness or halal standard in Muslim minority countries.